Declining fertility rate: An approach from the population and development perspectives in the new context

Abstract

Vietnam is experiencing a declining fertility rate below replacement level, accompanied by rapid population aging and persistent sex ratio imbalance at birth. This article analyzes the current fertility situation based on official statistical data and identifies key causes, particularly among workers and laborers under the impacts of urbanization, migration, and digital transformation. Grounded in the Party’s viewpoints and the State’s population policies, the study proposes several solutions to maintain an appropriate fertility level in connection with social security and sustainable development.